all in Old Irish

IPA: /ˈal̪/ Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], all [mutation, mutation-radical], pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments [mutation, mutation-radical], all [lenition, mutation], n-all [error-unrecognized-form, mutation] [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: From Proto-Celtic *ɸallom, from Proto-Indo-European *pels- (“stone”). Cognate with Old Norse fjall. Apparently originally a neuter o-stem, but forms indicating a neuter u-stem or a feminine ā-stem (the form that eventually won out in the later language) are also found. Etymology templates: {{der|sga|cel-pro|*ɸallom}} Proto-Celtic *ɸallom, {{der|sga|ine-pro|*pels-|t=stone}} Proto-Indo-European *pels- (“stone”), {{cog|non|fjall}} Old Norse fjall Head templates: {{head|sga|noun||||{{{2}}}||||||||{{{3}}}||{{{pl2}}}||{{{pl3}}}|cat2=|g=n|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=|var=}} all n, {{sga-noun|n}} all n Inflection templates: {{sga-mutation}}

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{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Irish",
      "lang_code": "ga",
      "word": "aill"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "lang_code": "gd",
      "word": "aill"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*ɸallom"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *ɸallom",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pels-",
        "t": "stone"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pels- (“stone”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "fjall"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse fjall",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *ɸallom, from Proto-Indo-European *pels- (“stone”). Cognate with Old Norse fjall.\nApparently originally a neuter o-stem, but forms indicating a neuter u-stem or a feminine ā-stem (the form that eventually won out in the later language) are also found.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-mutation",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "all",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "mutation-radical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "mutation-radical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "all",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "lenition",
        "mutation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "n-all",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "mutation"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "10": "",
        "11": "",
        "12": "",
        "13": "",
        "14": "{{{3}}}",
        "15": "",
        "16": "{{{pl2}}}",
        "17": "",
        "18": "{{{pl3}}}",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{2}}}",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "n",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": "",
        "var": ""
      },
      "expansion": "all n",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "n"
      },
      "expansion": "all n",
      "name": "sga-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sga-mutation"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 20 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "sga",
          "name": "Landforms",
          "orig": "sga:Landforms",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cliff"
      ],
      "id": "en-all-sga-noun-aiZDuyki",
      "links": [
        [
          "cliff",
          "cliff"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "english": "boulder, rock",
          "translation": "boulder, rock",
          "word": "ail"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈal̪/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "all"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Irish",
      "lang_code": "ga",
      "word": "aill"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "lang_code": "gd",
      "word": "aill"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*ɸallom"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *ɸallom",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pels-",
        "t": "stone"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pels- (“stone”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "fjall"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse fjall",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *ɸallom, from Proto-Indo-European *pels- (“stone”). Cognate with Old Norse fjall.\nApparently originally a neuter o-stem, but forms indicating a neuter u-stem or a feminine ā-stem (the form that eventually won out in the later language) are also found.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-mutation",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "all",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "mutation-radical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "mutation-radical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "all",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "lenition",
        "mutation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "n-all",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "mutation"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "10": "",
        "11": "",
        "12": "",
        "13": "",
        "14": "{{{3}}}",
        "15": "",
        "16": "{{{pl2}}}",
        "17": "",
        "18": "{{{pl3}}}",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{2}}}",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "n",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": "",
        "var": ""
      },
      "expansion": "all n",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "n"
      },
      "expansion": "all n",
      "name": "sga-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sga-mutation"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "boulder, rock",
      "translation": "boulder, rock",
      "word": "ail"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old Irish lemmas",
        "Old Irish neuter nouns",
        "Old Irish nouns",
        "Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
        "Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Pages with 20 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "sga:Landforms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cliff"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cliff",
          "cliff"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈal̪/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "all"
}

[Show JSON error data ▼] [Hide JSON error data ▲]

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nasalization'",
  "path": [
    "all"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "all",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"all" meaning in Old Irish

Noun